siegel here, i don't accept. that's because what you said is very serious. i got to thank you. on an opinion poll from a french broadcaster found over half the view is surveyed, adult micron was more convincing. in the debate, the french voters will have the last word in sundays run off election. that's it from me at the new steam, terry mountain. we'll have an update for you. at the top of the hour, i've got office, thanks village and started out with spooky intimidation and transformed into an orgy of hate and violence. the history of the ku klux klan, the oldest terrorist organization in the united states found it over 150 years ago . it's repeatedly died out, but always been resurrected. the ku klux klan starts may 11th on d. w. ah

oh, on december 26th 2016. russia was in morning. an aeroplane carrying the red army choir had crashed into the black sea. 92 members of the choir were killed. the ensemble had been performing revolutionary war songs and other classics for more than 80 years. the group songs also helped keep alive the memory of the great patriotic war. the war in which the red army triumphed over nazi germany at the cost of the lives of more than $10000000.00 soviet soldiers. ah

ah june 22nd 1941 marked the start of operation barbarossa. the code name for hitler's secret plan to invade the soviet union. 3 and a half 1000000 them of soldiers attacked the soviet union. the soviet military command was caught completely off guard, paralyzed by the events. general simeon tymoshenko did not dare to wake stalin. instead, he sent his deputy general gil gisele cove,

on the other end of the line, joseph stalin gave the order bring the politburo to the kremlin. faced with danger, stalin reacted predictably with repression. he ordered, members of the top leadership arrested, then shot for having failed to prevent the german offensive to better manage the troops. stalin assigned members of the secret police for n k v d to each military unit. the official line was that this would boost the morale of the troops in reality, however, n k, the day members were tasked with reporting any misconduct, no matter how minor the goal was to purge the ranks of everything from treason to defeat. isn't the soviet union had already seen this kind of

thing in its short history? something similar happened during the civil war that broke out after the october revolution. when civil war broke out in november 1918. vladimir lennon appointed lived of a dove bronstein better known by his revolutionary nom de gurley on trotsky as war commissioner, trotsky had no military experience, but had demonstrated great talent for organisational work. his task was a herculean one. he was to conquer that saas armies, and at the same time defeat the international coalition that had united against the young communist state. to do this, trotsky had to create an army as quickly as possible. workers and peasants

populated the ranks of the red army. but now the thinking went, they should be replaced by volunteers in order to create an armed people, free from rank and high command, the new armies offices would be democratically elected. in the following 2 months, however, only 150000 men reported to recruiting offices that was far too few trotsky understood that the revolutionaries goals could not be upheld under such conditions . a compulsory general mobilization was ordered, but the new recruits had no military experience. who would train them? trotsky turned to former offices from the sorriest era men with experience of military leadership style and didn't to prove the newly appointed people's

commissar believed it was a mistake to entrust the security of the revolutionary regime to its enemies. no matter how dia the need, they found a compromise, so called political commissars, were appointed to oversee the offices who dated from the tourist era. their job was to keep things in check. trotsky road. no army can be built without reprisals. masses of people cannot be led to their dance if the military command lacks the power to punish disobedience with the penalty of death. ah, but the soldiers was starving and ill equipped,

despite the risks they deserve by the hundreds of thousands. meanwhile, all across the country, the red armies, the sold terrified the population. the white terror of the fairest army had been replaced by red army, tara villages were burned or raised to the ground. summary executions and mass rate. with the order of the day. the youngest women were rounded up and sexually assaulted so called procurement detachment were formed to feed the soldiers they stole grain. so the peasants rose up against them. in october 1920, there was an uprising in tom bove some 400 kilometers south of moscow. local

residents lynched. a procurement detachment linen wanted to crunch the uprising. he assigned the task to a full month's arist officer mikhail to kuchinski. the young soldier had already proven himself in the brutal suppression of the chrome start sailor's uprising. dumped the red napoleon too could check the sky was given free reign by linen. he dealt the peasant top, rising in tumbles a bloody defeat. the red army war was waged not only against an enemy army, but against the phone. people who could shift these orders were unrelentingly harsh, daily order. number 171, decreed. any citizen who refuses to give his name will be sure immediately and

without trial, the elders of any banded family will be shot immediately. and without trial, the officer ordered poison gas grenades to be fired at the peasants. families seen as rebellious, were deported to siberia. others were in turned in concentration camps, run by the red army. in 1922. the soviets i zation of tam both was complete. the civil war had ended it was trial by fire for an entire generation of soldiers and their offices. the civil war turned the whole country into a military camp general shook av recalled. one result was that the entire national

economy could now be geared towards military goals. but when the van mocked, invaded the soviet union on june 22nd 1941, the country proved to be weak and unprepared. in the 1st days of the invasion, the van after advanced on 3 fronts, simile tiniest, lee, they broke through all soviet lines of defense. in the 1st week of the war, a soviet soldier died. every 2 seconds. 200000 were killed in combat. more than 100000 were taken prisoner ah!

on june 28th 1941 means the capital of bill of ruth fell into the hands of the germans. day after day, the van marked continued to dance in moscow stolen pines to his right hand man. foreign minister, yet just love molecules. lennon left us a great legacy and we as his successors have squandered it all stolen knew better than any one that the red army was only a shadow of its former self. it was stolen himself who had decimated its ranks. in 1935, michel took a chip sky. the formats are est officer who had pacified 10 bove with made

a marshal of the soviet union. in addition to serving his deputy comments are of defense, revered by his soldiers. he turned the red army into one of the best armies in the world. but he was vocal about the danger he believed hitler posed style and saw took hfc as an obstruction to his plans for a peace treaty with germany. starlen had to silence him. this meant getting rid of the marshal's allies. ah, on june 11th 1937 took a shower, epsky and 8 other senior commanders were arrested and sentenced to death. they were executed the same night. this was just the prelude in the purges that followed within the ranks of the military. for out of 5 red army

marshals, 14 of its 16 army commanders and 16 political commissars followed, took a chair ski to the grave. the red army choir founded in 1928 symbol of the revolution was also not fed in total $55000.00 of the soviet armies, $80000.00 officers, a belief to a fallen victim to the purges which continued until march 1939 to replace senior military officers who disappeared in the great terror, nearly 1000 young officers were promoted to general in 1949

on july, 3rd, 9 3rd 19412 weeks after the german invasion, stalin addressed soviet citizens on all radio channels to may count for the armies losses stalin announced a general mobilization. all soviet citizens of fighting age, men and women alike were to report to the recruiting offices a country that espoused gender equality from the start, now sent between 500001 1000000 women to the front. the women served as nurses, cooks, radio operators and mechanics, but also as tank soldiers and naval gunners. when they joined the army, young women like maria morals of a, entered a world made by men full men. when he

saw us, the commander got angry and shouted. now i have to take care of girls too. what kind of ballet troop is this? this is a war not a dance recital. he insulted us saying that. who did he think we were right? we had come to wage war. ah. by autumn 1941. the red army was in retreat on all fronts. stalin was primarily responsible for these military defeats. despite the armies weak position, he ordered counter offensives. he obstructed the work of the generals and replaced them constantly. he was obsessed with the idea of tracking down traitors.

shortages were felt everywhere. in his memoirs, general galle gisele cove wrote incredible, as it may seem, we had to beg for ammunition. according to our orders, we were only allowed to use a maximum of 2 cartridges per day. even though we were in the middle of a battle for the soviet soldiers, the situation seemed hopeless. they surrendered to the enemy in droves.

by late september 1941 more than 2000000 soviet soldiers were in german captivity. i read army soldiers were regarded as less than human in the eyes of the not the they were imprisoned in a pulling condition. many starved to death beginning in mid july 1941, the if it started to come to the camp. there they selected people who the nazi themed, undesirable elements, jews, communist and intellectuals was systematically executed

in mid october 1941, the germans were 200 kilometers from moscow. the city was holding its breath. the winter came early that year, which gave the soviets some breathing room. darlin, used the opportunity to burnish his image. on november 7th, 1941, the anniversary of the revolution. he organized a big parade. that's not let's look at it. unless you,

especially when it's really nice, that's awe . patriotism, an almost forgotten feeling. now, had soviet citizens firmly in its grip and helped restore them with hope. philosophy, student grigory, pomeranz recalled. my heart was full of joy. it throbbed violently. every one felt all the hearts of others pounding as well. my mind seemed to turn off. the collective will took over. on november 15th 1941, the vere marked arrived at the gates of moscow. only 20 kilometers from the kremlin

. but ice and snow slowed the german advance at night temperatures dropped to minus 30 degrees celsius. oil froze inside engines. the loose buffer planes could no longer take off. supplies were running low. the very marked lacked everything from fuel to gloves. on december 1st, 1941 ju call said in a telephone conversation with stalin. the enemy is exhausted. 3 days later he launched his counter offensive. his army looked thin, infantrymen, artillery, and

a handful of tanks a fide. the weakness of his troops juke off relied on a military gambit. he wrote, we have encircled the germans in a pinch movement around the capital. at stalingrad, we will repeat our strategy, and the germans will again fall into our trap. juke of strategy unsettled the germans for the 1st time, the red army discovered the carnage. the nazis had left behind. they found evidence

of summary executions. soviet soldiers shot on the spot and forests of hanged men. soviet soldiers who defected to the enemy were considered freighters. any one re captured by the red army was summarily shot. she is. keep all ship without you too. near we slack at the grocery dealing with out. i mean, obviously wine of glass li army west. you me? you can ask me. brown is daddy a musket me? you say? yes, come, ah,

duco of became a national hero overnight. he was regarded as the savior of moscow. the soviet victory revived the propaganda machine. cinema films and news rails urged the soviet citizenry to unite behind their army war movies, glorified soldiers, courage, boris. but sillier, who had been left disabled by the explosion of mine, could hardly believe it. war films show soldiers rushing into battle and shouting for the far the land forestall in in reality, on the front lines, i heard mostly on of up to my no,

no guernica booley, michelle bush tv soldiers and their families stayed in touch by writing letters for 45500 wagon loads of wartime correspondence were transported across the soviet union every day. but the post office was also a lynchpin of propaganda do b i l a u e o u b could our vehicle indeed, neil al shits his unit, an officer who was called father, she told by his men, wrote a glowing letter to his parents. yeah, lou, the recruits behavior is always exemplary, and that fight is heroic. when confronted about this, he replied, every mother's own son must be the best soldier of all.

through all the letters sent by the soldiers, families to the front was censored by n k v d. the secret police wanted to make sure to keep troops in the dark about problems at home. these included news of shortages refugees who had to sleep on the floor or even the death of a cousin or neighbour. mm. mm cash. on january 6th, 1942. following the victory in moscow, starlen launched a daring move. he ordered 5000000 soldiers to conduct 10 counter offensive along the entire front.

all of these counter offensives ended in failure living conditions, the soldiers continued to deteriorate. when it came to supplies, vodka deliveries took priority of food. the exhausted from battles in the freezing cold winter, the soldiers suffered from diseases and malnutrition. many became infested with life. the soldiers knew that if they were captured, they would be charged with treason. and anyone who was released risk execution or imprisonment in a gulag. that's why some of them, including generals,

preferred to place themselves at the service of the enemy. they were betting on a german victory general under a loss of the hero of the battle of moscow was captured in july 1942. it was an important coup for the german. they managed to turn the soviet general and put him in command of the russian liberation army. the r o a. it was made up of soviet prisoners of war. mm. the last of the men were called bless. see. they also included volunteer russian ukrainian and baltic units and performed the most menial tasks

they guarded ghettos and extermination camps and were assigned to islands that group and the mobile killing unit, who took part in the genocide of the jews. i in by summer 1942, the germans were at the gates of stalingrad, who, named after the supreme leader, the city was situated at both a railroad and a river junction. if hitler were to succeed in capturing the city, he would be able to cut off the red army supply of fuel and materials

the general free drink palaces. 6 army began advancing steadily into the city. despite the weakness of the soviet troops, one man stood like a bull walk against the advance of the van marked lieutenant general vasily chewy cove. commander of the 62nd army. he was a veteran of the spanish civil war and had experience in straight combat. he took charge of organizing the resistance jericho of kept his soldiers supplied with ammunition. he formed commandos to ambush the germans through the sewers. vassily chew a cove,

turned infantry soldiers into snipers. by late september 1942, the german advance had stoled who would emerge the victor starlin ordered jew cove to provide a report on the situation under issue called command, soviet forces attacked the weakest point of the german front line. the romanian army which had allied itself with the 3rd right jew cost plan code named operation

uranus, was to encircle the 6th army and stalingrad and thus cut it off from supplies. on january 31st, 1943 frederick palace who had since been promoted to field marshal surrendered to the soviets with ah, despite heavy losses, the red army was victorious. journalist alexander yvette summarized the general mood. every one was seized by a deep national pride. finally, it was clear that all our sacrifices am suffering had not been in vain.

with the memory of the civil war, gradually fading, the great patriotic war was becoming a new rallying point. the red armies victory in the battle. of course. on august 23rd 1943 was a turning point. after that they stopped losing ground. they liberated one city after another. on the march to berlin, the red army quiet helped boost the troops morale. the musical ensemble had performed on all fronts since the beginning of the war.

all told, the red army koya had performed nearly 1500 shows in the trenches, in military hospitals, under the hail of bombs. with alexander alexander of was the red army quiet founder and conductor. on march 15th 1944, a song he composed was chosen by style and to be the national anthem of the soviet union.

as the red army continued its advance on berlin stolen issued a new decree that embodied the soviet approach. it could be summed up in one sentence, go after the enemy, wherever he is weak. on january 27th, 1945. the soviets arrived at the outfits concentration camp. army gunner even saw rocco poo recalled. we knew that it was a camp,

similar to the one in my donek, which our division had already seen. as we passed through the gate, we saw a dozen living skeletons. they could barely move. a foul stench emanated from them. after half an hour, we returned to our truck. no one was able to speak a single sentence. we could only curse the nazis. what disgusting scam! on february 4th, 1945. joseph stalin. prime minister, winston churchill and president franklin d. roosevelt met at yalta to make plans for the post war period.

these meetings set out in broad strokes, the germans owns of occupation, future european spheres of influence. and the establishment of the united nations are stolen, wanted to get out ahead of his allies and be the 1st to arrive in berlin. the red army continued its advance into germany. their motto, crushed the german racists pride. the red army looted and carried out rapes on a massive scale between january and july 1945 some 2000000 german women were raped.

leonel rabid shift. never forgot. the women locked up in a village church. 5 of our tanks drove right up to the church and chased away the guards. the soldiers entered the church, and the rapes began. the noise could be heard everywhere. all the soldiers joined in some one came up with the idea of throwing women who had lost consciousness from the top of the church tower. all went on for 3 or 4 hours.

on april 16th 1945, the red army reached berlin before the americans on april 24th marshal. even con. you have carried out a pincer movement attack on the city from the south. at the same time, commander in chief juke av took the suburbs of berlin from the north. ah street fighting raged across the city. german resistance was fierce and desperate. for the last of the 3rd rice fighters, no retreat was possible pockets of resistance continued to hold out. but in less than a week,

the outcome had become clear. on april 30th juke av reached the heart of the german capital, hitler committed suicide in his bunker. the same day puzzle, vinegar and infantrymen from odessa was fighting in berlin when he learned that the war was over. early in the morning, there was absolute silence. what was going on? suddenly we received a message over our radio. it came from headquarters. german troops have surrendered in berlin. cease your fire. it was

may 2nd 1945. we all started screaming for joy, crying and shooting into the air. ah. yes, gainey holiday, a young photographer for the tusk. the official news agency of the soviet union took the iconic picture that would come to represent the red armies victory. 2 soldiers raised the red flag. it topped the rights tug. had a sent his photo to moscow. it was returned immediately. one of the soldiers was reaching up to steady his comrade on his wrists. 2 watches

a clearly visible bearing witness to the red armies. looting ah, had a re touched the negative making one of the risk watches disappear. the photo was seen around the world. on june 24th 1945 victory celebrations were held in moscow's red square. ah, marshall zuka was the center of attention. surrounded by his troops, he galloped in astride a grey stallion, a gift from stalin. but galle gives you called star, was already on the wane, stalin would not tolerate any rivals. as darlin, the true hero of this victory could only be one person, stalin. in an echo of cyrus times the battalions laid the flags of the

defeated at the feet of their lida. emerging from its brutal origins and a conflict that would remain a gaping wound for a long time to come. the red army could now hold its head high, but the chaotic post war world that was already taking shape would pose new challenges. the red army would not emerge victorious. own moon

. with ah, ego india. it once was it by diversity hotspots lake billy, cat in southern indian. but pollution and climate change have destroyed the rich ecosystem. yet people keep going out of desperation. i don't know, denying, i don't want to let out one lot in they'd be melody leon, i'm the one with a gun with was alternative. do they have the do in

30 minutes on d, w. o warren, during more delivery by ukrainian surrogate mothers, fear of the bombs has prevented the beast from being picked up. oh, rena, and fenton on. i have been teaching here in this quay bomb shelter for weeks. i focus on 90 minutes on d w. imagine how many portion of lunch us her now in the world right now, climate change very hard to story. this is my flex, the way form just one week. how much was can really get we still have time to go. i'm doing with his subscriber all

morning like ah ah, this is dw news coming to live from berlin, putting claims victory in the besieged city of murray, of pole, and again calls on ukrainian fighters there to surrender. a russian president holds off on plans to storm the cities as old stalls steel plant, instructing his forces to blockaded instead with ukrainian troops and civilians inside. also coming up the crane zooms its dead from mass graves, gathering evidence of. busy possible war crimes as relatives watch on we hear from

a mother whose son never.